Pour étudier la réponse du coton à des applications foliaires de Speedfol® Kali SP (12,2 % N-NO3–, 42,5 % K2O, 0,9 % B), un essai en plein champ a été réalisé, visant à évaluer l’effet de trois doses de Speedfol™ Kali SP sur le rendement en coton. L’essai a été réalisé dans le bloc 1401 de la localité de Valle del Yaqui, État de Sonora, Mexique. Le coton à l’essai était du cultivar Stonville, semé le 15/03/2011.
L’irrigation, les moments d’application des engrais et les quantités appliquées étaient identiques pour tous les traitements (Tableau 1). Pour évaluer les caractéristiques du sol, une analyse de fertilité du sol a été réalisée avant les semis (Tableau 2). Les traitements effectifs et les dates d’application sont indiqués au Tableau 3.
Tableau 1. Irrigation et engrais appliqués sur la culture de coton.
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Tableau 2. Analyse de fertilité du sol (0-30 cm).
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" filled="f" stroked="f">
Tableau 3. Traitement et dates d’application.
SHAPE
* MERGEFORMAT
Les variantes de fertilisation à l’étude ont consisté en 4 traitements organisés en blocs aléatoires complets avec 5 répétitions. Les parcelles mesuraient 5 mètres de long par 0,9 mètre de large. Les traitements ont été appliqués manuellement au pulvérisateur à dos. L’application des traitements a démarré à la première floraison puis a été répétée à environ 7 jours d’intervalle, et s’est terminée à la formation des premières capsules. La récolte manuelle du champ de l’essai s’est déroulée le 07/09/2011, après application d’un produit dessiccant sur les cultures.
Résultats de l’étude agronomique et économique :
Une ANOVA a révélé une augmentation statistiquement significative du rendement en coton fibre (p = 0,01) sous l’effet de traitements foliaires avec Speedfol™ Kali SP par rapport au traitement témoin.
La formule de régression de la Figure 1 indique clairement que le rendement maximal en coton fibre de 1 357 kg/ha a été obtenu en appliquant 15 kg de Speedfol™ Kali SP par hectare. En moyenne, les parcelles non traitées ont produit 1 062 kg/ha ; la différence entre le rendement maximal et celui de la parcelle non traitée est de 295 kg/ha (28 % de coton fibre en plus).
