Dynamique de la distribution des photoassimilats entre le feuillage et les tubercules au cours du cycle de vie de la pomme de terre.
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Production et pourcentage de répartition de la matière sèche produite par une culture de pommes de terre (cultivar Russet Burbank)
Au cours du stade de grossissement des tubercules, les pommes de terre nécessitent des températures diurnes élevées (18 à 20 °C) et des températures nocturnes plus faibles (12 à 14 °C) pour que les glucides s’accumulent. Ce régime de température aide à l’accumulation de matière sèche, grâce à une production de glucides plus importante et une consommation de glucides minimale par le biais de la respiration. Une fois les glucides produits, ils sont transportés principalement vers les différents organes par le phloème. Le magnésium, le bore, mais surtout le potassium, jouent un rôle central dans ce processus.
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Le potassium est le principal régulateur osmotique des plantes et il participe directement à la circulation des photoassimilats dans le phloème.
Le magnésium, le bore et notamment le potassium sont les principaux éléments qui activent la translocation des glucides des feuilles vers les tubercules.
